Why is chocolate toxic for dogs?

Why is chocolate toxic for dogs?

Chocolate is toxic because it contains a chemical called theobromine, as well as caffeine. Theobromine is the predominant toxin in chocolate and is very similar to caffeine. Dogs cannot metabolize theobromine and caffeine as good as humans can. This makes them more sensitive to the chemical effects.

What are some side effects of chocolates on dogs?

Clinical signs depend on the amount and type of chocolate ingested. For many dogs, the most common clinical signs are vomiting, diarrhea, increased thirst, painting or restlessness, excessive urination and a racing heart rate.

What should be done when your dog ingests chocolate?

When in doubt, contact your veterinarian. If a toxic amount is ingested, you should have your dog examined by a vegetarian immediately. The sooner theobromine is removed from the body of a dog, the better. It stabilizes and it's better for your dog's prognosis.

Toxic doses of theobromine are reported to be as low as 20mg/kg, where agitation, hyperactivity and gastrointestinal signs (such as drooling, vomiting and diarrhea - all which may smell like chocolate ) can be seen.

At doses over 40 mg/kg, cardiac signs can be seen, and include a racing heart rate, high blood pressure or even heart arrhythmias.

At doses of more than 60mg/kg, neurologic signs can be seen, including tremors, twitching and even seizure.

Fatalities have been seen at around 200mg/kg (approximately 100mg/b) or when complications occur.

Immediately consult a vet, if any symptoms seen or ingested excessive amounts of chocolate.