Many recommend for female puppies to be spayed before their first heat cycle, which can occur as early as 5 months of age
However, there is increasing evidence that this is too young for dogs as they have not been allowed to fully develop and grow. This can result in a higher risk of orthopedic problems.
At what age should a dog be sterilized?
There is a significantly higher risk of performing surgery when a dog is in heat due to fragility of blood vessels and propensity for them to bleed internally. Given that do not perform surgery while a dog is in heat
How to prepare for the surgery?
Before
Food and water must be withheld the night before the surgery to prevent vomiting and aspiration (for at least eight hours before surgery)
Aspiration refers to the reaction to anesthesia which causes your pet to vomit during the procedure, and the vomit travels into the lungs rather than through the stomach and intestines.
I would recommend waiting to neuter your female dog until she has gone through 2-3 heat cycles. So after 14-18 months of age.
The decision about when to neuter your pet is one you should make with a trusted veterinarian.
Are blood tests and a physical examination
necessary before sterilization?
Pre-surgical blood work typically consists of two different blood tests. The first test is called a Complete Blood Count (or CBC). This basic blood test shows us the levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, which can be helpful in diagnosing anemia (low red blood cells), systemic infections, and potential blood clotting deficiencies.
The second blood test usually performed before surgery is called a Chemistry, which will show the veterinarian how the kidneys and the liver are working to determine the risk of anesthesia
Recovery and Aftercare
Can they eat food and drink water after surgery?
Once your dog gets home from the vet, you can offer her small amounts of water.
Too much water, even if your dog is thirsty, can cause vomiting.
An hour after the water, if the dog has not vomited offer a small portion of the dog's regular food. If your dog vomits or refuses to eat do not force it.
You should wait until the next day to offer food again.
Incisions and stitches -
Incisions need to stay dry.
Watch out for the following -
•Redness or swelling
•Torn stitches or an open incision
•Discharge or bad odor coming from the site
•Bleeding, especially 36 hours or more after the procedure
Prevent licking and chewing:
It is important to keep your pet from chewing or constantly licking at the incision.
You may need the dreaded cone, also known as an Elizabethan collar, to prevent your pet from irritating their incision site.
Medication:
Your vet will most likely give your pup something for the pain before you leave the clinic.
Under no circumstances should you give the dog/cat over-the-counter medication intended for humans without first consulting your vet.
What does it cost to neuter a puppy/ kitten or dog/cat?
The cost of neutering varies across the country, and depending on the facility where the surgery is done.
You should check with a trusted veterinarian to determine prices in your area.
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